Character Development Throughout Fahrenheit 451 - 1480 Words

Character Development Throughout ‘Fahrenheit 451’ In Ray Bradbury’s ‘Fahrenheit 451’ (1953), media has overrun the population, and television has replaced spending time with friends, family and time away from the screen. The â€Å"firemen† instead of putting out fires, they go around the town, and light people s’ books on fire. Books aren’t relevant because they make people use their brains and think. People who sit in front of the television all day are sponges who absorb all the information they are getting, while reading causes people to create their own â€Å"version† of the story. Guy Montag, the protagonist is a firefighter, and this essay will state how Montag developed and changed throughout the book, such as finding a mind of his own, to†¦show more content†¦Faber believes he is a coward because when the book burning started, he could’ve tried to stop it, but didn’t, so he is reluctant to tal k about the subject. Montag feels divided because he doesn’t want to live in a place where he can’t express what he feels, but also wants to stay loyal to his wife and job. Montag goes through each day internally knowing what he is doing is wrong, but doesn’t have the courage to do anything about it, until one day he boils over: ‘Jesus God, said Montag. ‘Every hour so many damn things in the sky! How in hell did those bombers get up there every single second of our lives! Why doesn t someone want to talk about it? We ve started and won two atomic wars since 1960. Is it because we re having so much fun at home we ve forgotten the world? Is it because we re so rich and the rest of the world s so poor and we just don t care if they are? I ve heard rumours; the world is starving, but we re well-fed. Is it true, the world works hard and we play? Is that why we re hated so much? I ve heard the rumours about hate, too, once in a long while, over the years. Do you know why? I don t, that s sure! Maybe the books can get us half out of the cave. They just might stop us from making the same damn insane mistakes! I don t hear those idiot bastards in your parlour talking about it. God, Millie, don t you see? An hour a day, two hours, with these books,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Future Concerns - Gattaca and Fahrenheit 4511562 Words   |  7 PagesPopular fictions texts expressing views of the future educate audiences about current issues and the dystopias that develop from them. Texts such as the film ‘Gattaca’, directed by Andrew Niccol and novel ‘Fahrenheit 451’ by Ray Bradbury explore futuristic societies and the implications that become of their innovation. Although entertaining, texts such as these are didactic and must be taken seriously, as they communicate messages to audiences regarding prevalent concerns and possible futures basedRead MoreReview of Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesReview of Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 In Ray Bradburys novel Fahrenheit 451, the author utilizes the luxuries of life in America today, in addition to various occupations Read MoreAnalysis Of Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511193 Words   |  5 Pages In Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, ideas such as dystopian society, the dulling of emotions, personal freedom, and government censorship are utilized to illustrate how technology, the advancement of society, and government control has blindfolded the population from the creativity, knowledge, and truth of the past. Bradbury employs each of these ideas frequently throughout the novel to further enhance the deeper meaning behind his masterpiece. When one looks at Fahrenheit 451 like a work of fictionRead MoreDystopian Society In Fahrenheit 451, By Ray Bradbury749 Words   |  3 Pagesgloomy and sad. Montag changed his mindset throughout the book, he went from burning books to saving them from getting burnt. Mildred on the other hand, continuously stayed the same throughout the book. She beginned the book showing she did not care, and carried that same mentality through the rest of the book. Ray Bradbury ´s uses contrasting characters in Fahrenheit 451 to illustrate the differences within views of a dystopian society with his development of Montag and Mildred. Montag’s view on theRead MoreTheme Of Knowledge In Fahrenheit 451791 Words   |  4 PagesRebirth and a Journey Towards Knowledge The book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury follows the journey of a ‘fireman’ who rapidly begins to find faults in his society. The story of this fireman, Montag, quickly became a staple of the dystopian fiction genre. To emphasize themes of rebirth and society’s battle between knowledge and ignorance, the author employs extensive allusion, potent imagery, and character development. The use of allegorical allusion is used by BradburyRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Fahrenheit 4511266 Words   |  6 PagesTo begin, in Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury incorporated: a censorship aspect intended for the book, social commentary, and the social critical analysis which relates to conflicts in our world today. To continue, censorship can be considered a â€Å"threat† to society, for example, Bradbury uses the concept of the overuse of media and how it can affect the world and the people around you. Furthermore, Bradbury’s key focus was to satirize the excessive use of television and the media as a news and entertainmentRead MoreThe Symbolism of Fire in Fahrenheit 451790 Words   |  4 PagesThe Symbolism of fire in Fahrenheit 451 Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury describes a dystopian society where firemen instead of putting out fires, light them in pursuit of vanishing all books. The protagonist of the novel, Guy Montag, is a fireman that started questioning his beliefs about love, society and mainly questioning his job as an enemy of books, and the use of fire. This essay will discuss how does Montag understands fire through the novel and how fire is presented in the book. Read MoreAnalysis Of The Book Fahrenheit 451 1413 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal Farm and Fahrenheit 451 Book-burning is the first thing that is explained about this future based society of Fahrenheit 451. Burning books is the obliteration of the single thought on paper or in one word- censorship. Books are considered evil because they make people question and think. All intellectual curiosity and thirst for knowledge must be quelled for the good of the state — for the good of conformity. Without ideas, everyone conforms, and as a result, everyone should be happy. WhenRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Fahrenheit 451, By Ray Bradbury792 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis of Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury â€Å"We never burned right†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bradbury 113) stated Guy Montag, the main character of Fahrenheit 451. This book is about a society that is oppressive and dictatorial. They depend on firemen to burn books at an attempt at censorship and to block free thinking. They obstruct books and literature as a way to restrict knowledge and understanding. One of the major theme of Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, is as society gains more knowledge and wisdomRead MoreSimilarities Between Graceling And Fahrenheit 4511584 Words   |  7 Pageswork of literature captivating millions. Books in the genre, of course, are classified by the world in which the main characters live. Although society is initially presented as perfect, beneath the surface it is deeply flawed in the eyes of the author. Although many books follow this formula, we will focus in on two specific pieces that carry very different storylines: Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, and Graceling by Kristin Cashore. Fir st, we will identify what ideas and themes the two books represent

Monetary Policy of Bernanke Free Essays

Ben Bernanke is current Chairmen of US Federal Reserve and his task is to ensure appropriate monetary policy in order to improve country’s economic and financial performance. Bernanke argues he has to work closely with all members of the Committee because it is the only way to develop monetary policy in such a way that it would fit country’s needs and demands. Therefore, the paper discusses issues of monetary policy offered by Bernanke as well as examines influence of globalization on overall monetary policy of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Monetary Policy of Bernanke or any similar topic only for you Order Now Actually, Bernanke is interested whether ongoing economic globalization and integration affects US monetary policy. Monetary policy operates in financial and economic environment being strongly affected by integration. Bernanke notes that monetary policy instead of stabilizing economic and financial situation in the country does little to drive powerful economic forces and to cause structural changes necessary for policy. Bernanke claims that if Federal Reserve wants to develop effective monetary policy, it should, firstly, be fully aware of all factors which are able to affect and determine the overall economic growth, inflation and employments rates in the United States. Chairman asserts that country’s economy should be open to other countries because openness plays crucial role in monetary policy affecting price stability and sustainable employment within country. Furthermore, economic openness also assists Federal Reserve in meeting congressional mandate. Bernanke cites analysts who argue that globalization puts obstacles to US monetary policy because it aims at reducing US interest rates of Federal Reserve and asset price. Also globalization diminishes the role of domestic factors affecting inflation process. Nevertheless, Bernanke doesn’t support such idea claiming that he is sure globalization should be implicated to increase effectiveness of monetary policy. Globalization and Monetary Institute was established to study impact of globalization no economy and policy of the country. Bernanke argues that monetary policy affects above all country’s financial conditions and asset prices and interest rates are under attack. Consequently, changes taken place in financial conditions would affect many households and firms, as well as would affect production, consumption and investment opportunities. Thus, Bernanke states that â€Å"the financial environment in which U.S. monetary policy is made has been irrevocably changed by the remarkable increases in the magnitudes of financial flows into and out of the United States†. (Bernanke 2007) Therefore, he argues that he Federal Reserve should pay more attention to financial stability by controlling federal funds and interest rates. Banks loans should be carefully considered as well. He recommends using open-market operations because due to policy of openness the Federal Reserve would be able to manage constant supply of funds, inter-bank markets. Such policy will keep federal funds close to the targeted rates and international integration of financial markets will not be affected or prevented. Further, Bernanke admits that the Federal Reserve should take proper control over the federal funds rates because they strongly affect short-term dollar nominal interest rates. Bernanke promotes cooperation of the Federal Reserve with modern central banks because it gives excellent opportunity to conduct monetary policy, to examine economic and financial data obtained from variety of markets, and to apply those data when considering economy and inflation. Bernanke says it is necessary to seek for alternative courses of policy to improve effectiveness of monetary policy and macroeconomic performance of the country. He recommends developing economic models to guide policymakers and forecasting techniques to ensure sustainable progress. Bernanke assumes that â€Å"monetary policymakers must therefore strike a difficult balance –conducting rigorous analysis informed by sound economic theory and empirical methods while keeping an open mind about the many factors, including myriad global influences, at play in a dynamic modern economy like that of the United States†. (Bernanke 2006) References Bernanke, Ben. (2007, March 2). Globalization and Monetary Policy. Retrieved April 19, 2007, from http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2007/20070302/ Bernanke, Ben. (2006, February 15). Testimony of Chairmen Ben S. Bernanke. Retrieved April 19, 2007, from http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/hh/2006/february/testimony.htm Bernanke: The Yield Curve and Monetary Policy. (2006, March 20). Retrieved April 19, 2007, from http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2006/03/bernanke_the_yi.html                      How to cite Monetary Policy of Bernanke, Essay examples

Special Commission of Inquiry System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Special Commission of Inquiry. Answer: Introduction Five of the government hospitals in New South Wales will soon be undertaken by the private enterprises (Edwards 2016). Health ministrys argument on this major issue is severely criticized by Brett Holmes and his organisation NSWNMA. NSWNMA has published an article on this issue by stating the problems they and the Australian public will face on this issue in the future. The organization has warned the government that they might arrange major protests and movements if they dont correct their policies. The situation of Australias public health care has deteriorated over the years and this article also displays the dark future of the country. NSWNMAs (New South Wales Nurses and Midwives Association) report is actually an urge to public about the ongoing privatization of Australian healthcare in the current decade. NSWNMA is a reputed organisation of the nurses and the midwives. It has been working for the rights of the nurses and the midwives for more than a decade (Nswnma.asn.au.2017). The Australian governments implementation of the privatization of five major public hospitals will have devastating effects in the lives of the nurses and the midwives. The employees association has taken a step opposing this anti-labour step implemented by the government.The author of this report is associated with the NSWNMA and hence, is well acquainted with the circumstances. According to the Sidney Morning Herald, about 1 billion dollars were approved to upgrade the hospitals of Maitland, Goulburn, Wyong, Bowral and Shellharbour in New South Wales. Long after that in the month of September, 2016, the Government announced the incorpora tion of the private corporations in order to upgrade and to run the hospitals (Robertson 2017). The basic argument of the government was that it will help in quality maintenance. The author in this article challenges this argument. The framed idea in the message The neo-liberal approach of the major Australian public sectors is all about privatization and empowering the major business tycoons. The report frames an idea how five of the major public undertakings of public health care is handed over for private business. This phenomenon will lead to the rise in the cost of health care and decrease in the nurse patient ratio. In addition to that the public policy of the termination of the government employees will push these nurses and midwives into a dark future. Moreover, if the control of private enterprises increases on public money, the entire sector will run with the tenet of profit making and not welfare (Gittus, A., 2016). The article is also a framed report of the welfare system of the country. It helps the readers to understand the magnitude and the direction in which the current government is driving the entire public welfare. It tries to convinces the limitations of private welfare and also describes the problems of the nurses and the midwives due to it (Garling 2014). The article displays, how the private business enterprises are entering the crucial sectors of human welfare like education and health. It also describes the problems of the labour class and the government employees due to this kind of privatization. Construction of the text The idea of the report can be analyzed either as a warning to the NSW government or an urge to the common mass of population in New South Wales to join the movement against this privation. The article also uses examples like Port Macquaire Base Hospital, which was earlier, privatized. Later it got bankrupt and the Government had to bail it out of the situation with public money. The article states that the history of privatization of government health care does not seem to be in favour of the decisions of the government. The article is compact and includes direct quotes from different authorities and authentic examples, which addresses the matter in a proper way. The article also includes the fact, that their fight is not only for their own community but also for general Australian public. The article is not emotional but practical enough to address the issue, it is a visualization of a devastating anti welfare decision of the government through the lenses of a common middle class ma n of Australia (Dahlen et al. 2014). The text is pretty clear and straight in its expression. The author has not used any such ornamentalised language or elevated style in order to enhance the article. The article is a direct address to all the common people to notice the situation of the Australian health care. And how the health minister has refused to look into the matter. The organization believes that it has taken a stance, which is against the government policies and in favour of their community and public masses. They might call for major public gatherings (McIlroy 2014). These kinds of movements have often caused roadblocks and strikes and caused havoc problems for the recruitment of the new nurses and the running of the hospitals (FROM 2014). The issue is vibrant and linked to common lives and hence it is possible that these kinds of article will infuse bigger movements and protests. The anger of the readers of the article is natural to the taxpaying citizens. The responsible citizens who believe that the need of public welfare in NSW is necessary for normal livelihood might come out and support these organizations in their protests. Discourse of the article The article speaks about the rights of the government employees (nurses and midwives), who are comparatively lowly paid employees to doctors. The privatization of the health care will not provide them with the same facilities and labour rights like a public sector undertaking. This kind of neo-liberal approach of the government to privatise the government institutions will not only have an impact on the lives of these employees but also in the lives of the common people of New South Wales who are dependable on public health care. In any major country around the world, the government has the responsibility to fulfill the basic needs of its citizens. The primary needs are food, shelter, clothing, education and health. Any major country around the world (of Europe and North America) has a better public health care policy. The degredation of public health care police will affect the common masses, who should also protest along with the masses according to NSWMA (McIlroy 2014). The main issue in question here is the privatisation of the public hospitals in New South Wales. When a hospital is privatised, there are increased chances of reduction in the level of care that is meted out to the patients (Ward et al. 2017). The people of New South Wales had the right to be informed about this decision beforehand, but the Coalition Government did not feel the need to do so. The nurses and other employees will be affected directly as they will lose their job security. They were neither told nor consulted before this decision was made, and this led to discontent among them. A case in point would be the privatisation of the Port Macquarie Base Hospital, which ended in absolute disaster. It was not just the infrastructure that was weak; the main aim of the hospital had shifted from the well-being of the patients to keeping the shareholders satisfied. It was a shock to the nurses and the midwives, and they undertook protests and conducted meetings, and received support from the general public as well (McIlroy 2014). More than six CEOs had been appointed in a time span of just seven years, and the governing body of the hospital had receded to a mere advisory board in that time. A monthly availability charge had to be paid by the New South Wales health department, which amounted to several million dollars. The waiting lists for surgeries were exploding, and because of the profit-making nature that the hospital had adapted, the surgical procedures had become elective, with the funds running out. The administration had lost its transparency, and the level of patient care had deteriorated. The Coalition Government of New South Wales should consider this failure as a warning and not be hasty in making decisions when it comes to the public health sector. Convincing nature of the media article Created by Brett Holmes and Danielle Mahoney, the media article has elements that strongly oppose the idea of public hospital privatisation. This is a legitimate issue; when a hospital becomes privatised, its shareholders extract a duty from them. Therefore, there emerges a responsibility to incur maximum profits with regard to the investments. This can lead to the hospitals operating in such a way that only their profit is taken into consideration, with the focus on patient health care diminishing as a result (Collyer, Harley and Short 2015). Also, job security of the existing employees are threatened as well, and they have little or no room for getting their opinion heard in this matter. Both Holmes and Mahoney are the core members of the New South Wales Nurses and Midwives Association (NSWNMA). Danielle Mahoney is an experienced communications professional with years of experience in Sydney, London and New York, and the health sector falls under her expertise. She is currently the Communications and Campaigns Officer for the Association, after serving them as their media advisor for over a year. Brett Holmes is the General Secretary of the NSWNMA, He not only oversees the regular operations and the managing of the Association, but also ensures that the rules and policies are delivered and implemented successfully. The point that stands out in this article is the fact that none of the nurses or the midwives was consulted before this decision was made. It was as if the government had turned its back on them and chosen to forget their interests completely. The non-permanent workers have no idea now regarding their future prospects they seem bleak anyway, as they have a guarantee of employment that extends for a period of just two years, and consequently, they would have limited scope for a chance at a better job at new hospitals. Differences in perceiving the message portrayed Different people will interpret the message conveyed in the media report in a different way, and this is only natural, as they all have different perspectives. The Government may have decided on the privatisation due to reasons like the heavy expenses that are involved in the maintaining of a public hospital, but it did not consider the repercussions that are to follow (Edwards 2016). There have been no efforts to agree on maintaining a patient to nurse ratio by and private hospital, and this might lead to a deterioration in patient care. It is almost as if the Government has chosen to ignore the rights and interests of the working sector, and there is no one to account for it as well. The workers who have been moved from the public to the private sectors have also lost their chance at a pension or a redundancy pay only the employees that were permanent would have an opportunity at securing a job position, although it does depend on the availability. Questions to be addressed in the media analysis When Jillian Skinner announced the decision to privatise the five state hospitals Maitland, Goulburn, Shellharbour, Wyong and Bowral the possible reason she had in mind was to cut down on the healthcare expenses that are constantly on the rise in Australia (AREAS 2016). However, the belief that private always means better may not be applicable here. Also, both the Liberal and the Labour parties of Australia have declared that they have nothing to do with the privatisation they are not willing to release the required funds that are necessary to meet the costs of the functioning of the hospitals. However, the question that arises is whether the New South Wales government is treading the path carefully or not privatisation might equal to shiny new buildings and a better infrastructure, but the existing employees are at a risk. They are being forced to accept the new policies and accept the two-year government contracts, or they will run the risk of losing their current jobs as well. Privatisation does not always amount to success and the government gets stuck with a contract that can extend to many years; history is proof that things have gone horribly wrong (Skinner 2013). There have been cases where patients with highly infectious diseases were left in corridors as there were no wards available. The private contractor that had been allocated the hospital had said that the costs were too much for it to cover, and this lead to the collapse of the privatised system. Conclusion The New South Wales Government needs to consider the interests and the problems faced by the workers and include their opinions while taking such drastic measures. The concept of privatised hospitals might seem attractive, but history is proof of the fact that it is a failure. It is understood that medical bills are constantly on the rise in Australia, but risking the job prospects of the nurses and other employees is definitely not the way this matter should be handled. They need an approach that is more employee-oriented something that will benefit both the government and the public at the same time. References AREAS, I.R., 2016. Five more public hospitals to be privatised.LAMP, p.13. Collyer, F., Harley, K. and Short, S., 2015. Money and markets in Australia's healthcare system. Sydney University Press. Corderoy, A. (2017). Our hospitals are being privatised. Is anybody paying attention? | Amy Corderoy. [online] the Guardian. Available at: Dahlen, H.G., Tracy, S., Tracy, M., Bisits, A., Brown, C. and Thornton, C., 2014. Rates of obstetric intervention and associated perinatal mortality and morbidity among low-risk women giving birth in private and public hospitals in NSW (20002008): a linked data population-based cohort study.BMJ open,4(5), p.e004551. Edwards, G., 2016. NSW Libs to privatise more hospitals.Guardian (Sydney), (1749), p.3. Edwards, G., 2016. NSW Libs to privatise more hospitals.Guardian (Sydney), (1749), p.3. FROM, N., 2014. Nurses join gas blockade.LAMP, p.29. Garling, P., 2014. Final report of the Special Commission of Inquiry: acute care services in NSW public hospitals, 2008. Gittus, A., 2016. 'Don't trust this CSG industry!'.Lamp, The,73(3), p.26. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/20/our-hospitals-are-being-privatised-is-anybody-paying-attention [Accessed 15 May 2017]. McIlroy, J., 2014. NSW nurses union campaigns for public hospital.Green Left Weekly, (1026), p.7. McIlroy, J., 2014. NSW nurses union campaigns for public hospital.Green Left Weekly, (1026), p.7. McIlroy, J., 2016. Unions rally to stop hospital privatisation.Green Left Weekly, (1112), p.4. Nswnma.asn.au. (2017).NSW Nurses and Midwives' Association. [online] Available at: https://www.nswnma.asn.au/ [Accessed 15 May 2017]. Robertson, J. (2017).Five NSW hospitals to be privatised under 'surprise' plan. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/five-nsw-hospitals-to-be-privatised-under-surprise-plan-20160915-grh6mq.html [Accessed 15 May 2017]. Skinner, J., 2013. Privatised public health restarts on the Northern beaches.Lamp, The,70(5), p.24. Ward, P.R., Rokkas, P., Cenko, C., Pulvirenti, M., Dean, N., Carney, A.S. and Meyer, S., 2017. Waiting forand waiting inpublic and private hospitals: a qualitative study of patient trust in South Australia.BMC Health Services Research,17(1), p.333.

12 Angry Men Essays (561 words) - English-language Films

12 Angry Men 12 Angry Men: Juror #8 is the Most Important Juror Juror #8 was the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men for a number of reasons. The first reason is that when all the other jurors voted guilty without even thinking about their decisions, Juror #8 suggested that they talk about it before jumping to conclusions. Even when some of the other jurors got mad and started yelling at him, he stayed calm and tried to work things out in a mature fashion. The second reason is that he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was an important step because it paved the way for the other jurors to change their minds also. The third reason is Juror #8 re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that when all the other jurors quickly voted guilty, without discussing it first, he suggested that they talk about it for a little bit. When asked if he thought the boy was guilty or not guilty, he said, I dont know. This shows that he hadnt decided one way or the other. When asked why he voted this way, he replied, Its not easy for me to raise my hand and send a boy off to die without talking about it first. This shows that he wanted to talk things over with the other jurors before he makes a decision. Later on he said, I just want to talk for a while. This is more proof that he wanted to discuss the issue. The second reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is because he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was important because if no one changed his or her decision in the second vote, Juror #8 said he would change his vote to not guilty. However, Juror #9 did change his vote giving Juror #8 more time to talk about the case. Juror #9 said, He gambled for support and I gave it to him. I want to hear more. By convincing one person to change their vote, it forced everybody to listen to more arguments, and possibly change their thinking on the case. The third reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that he re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first time Juror #8 re-enacted a scene was when he proves that the old man could not have walked from his bedroom to the hallway in fifteen seconds. He did this by measuring how far his bedroom was from he hallway, and then walking it himself. It took him thirty-one seconds, making it impossible for the old man to have made it in fifteen. By doing this re-enactment, he changed the minds of several other jurors. With the points I have given, Juror #8 is the most important juror. Not only did he do what he felt was the right thing to do, but he also may have saved a boys life. For these reasons Juror #8 is the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men. Bibliography: English Literature Book

The Rust Belt

The Rust Belt The term â€Å"Rust Belt† refers to what once served as the hub of American Industry. Located in the Great Lakes region, the Rust Belt covers much of the American Midwest (map). Also known as the â€Å"Industrial Heartland of North America†, the Great Lakes and nearby Appalachia were utilized for transportation and natural resources. This combination enabled the thriving coal and steel industries. Today, the landscape is characterized by the presence of old factory towns and post-industrial skylines. At the root of this 19th-century industrial explosion is an abundance of natural resources. The mid-Atlantic region is endowed with coal and iron ore reserves. Coal and iron ore are used to produce steel, and corresponding industries were able to grow through the availability of these commodities. Midwestern America has the water and transportation resources necessary for production and shipment. Factories and plants for coal, steel, automobiles, automotive parts, and weapons dominated the industrial landscape of the Rust Belt. Between 1890 and 1930, migrants from Europe and the American South came to the region in search of work. During the World War II era, the economy was fueled by a robust manufacturing sector and a high demand for steel. By the 1960s and 1970s, increased globalization and competition from overseas factories caused the dissolution of this industrial center. The designation â€Å"Rust Belt† originated at this time because of the deterioration of the industrial region. States primarily associated with the Rust Belt include Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana. Bordering lands include parts of Wisconsin, New York, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Ontario, Canada. Some major industrial cities of the Rust Belt include Chicago, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Buffalo, Cleveland, and Detroit. Chicago, Illinois Chicago’s proximity to the American West, the Mississippi River, and Lake Michigan enabled a steady flow of people, manufactured goods, and natural resources through the city. By the 20th century, it became the transportation center of Illinois. Chicago’s earliest industrial specialties were lumber, cattle, and wheat. Built in 1848, The Illinois and Michigan Canal was the primary connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River, and an asset to Chicagoan commerce. With its extensive rail network, Chicago became one of the largest railroad centers in North America and is the manufacturing center for freight and passenger railroad cars. The city is the hub of Amtrak and is directly connected by rail to Cleveland, Detroit, Cincinnati, and the Gulf Coast. The state of Illinois remains a great producer of meat and grain, as well as iron and steel. Baltimore, Maryland On the eastern shores of the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland, roughly 35 miles south of the Mason Dixon Line lies Baltimore. The rivers and inlets of Chesapeake Bay endow Maryland one of the longest waterfronts of all the states. As a result, Maryland is a leader in the production of metals and transportation equipment, primarily ships. Between the early 1900s and the 1970s, much of Baltimore’s young populace sought factory jobs at the local General Motors and Bethlehem Steel plants. Today, Baltimore is one of the nation’s largest ports and receives the second greatest amount of foreign tonnage. Despite Baltimore’s location east of Appalachia and the Industrial Heartland, its proximity to water and the resources of Pennsylvania and Virginia created an atmosphere in which large industries could thrive. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh experienced its industrial awakening during the Civil War. Factories began producing weapons, and the demand for steel grew. In 1875, Andrew Carnegie built the first Pittsburgh steel mills. Steel production created demand for coal, an industry that succeeded similarly. The city was also a major player in the World War II effort when it produced nearly one hundred million tons of steel. Located on the western edge of Appalachia, coal resources were readily available to Pittsburgh, making steel an ideal economic venture. When the demand for this resource collapsed during the 1970s and 1980s, Pittsburgh’s population fell dramatically. Buffalo, New York Located on the eastern shores of Lake Erie, the City of Buffalo expanded greatly during the 1800s. The construction of the Erie Canal facilitated travel from the east, and heavy traffic sparked the development of the Buffalo Harbor on Lake Erie. Trade and transportation through Lake Erie and Lake Ontario poised Buffalo as the â€Å"Gateway to the West†. Wheat and grain produced in the Midwest were processed at what became the largest grain port in the world. Thousands in Buffalo were employed by the grain and steel industries; notably Bethlehem Steel, the city’s major 20th-century steel producer. As a significant port for trade, Buffalo was also one of the country’s largest railroad centers. Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland was a key American industrial center during the late 19th century. Built near large coal and iron ore deposits, the city was home to John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company in the 1860s. Meanwhile, steel became an industrial staple that contributed to Cleveland’s flourishing economy. Rockefeller’s oil refining was reliant on the steel production taking place in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Cleveland became a transportation hub, serving as the half-point between the natural resources from the west, and the mills and factories of the east. Following the 1860s, railroads were the primary method of transport through the city. The Cuyahoga River, the Ohio and Erie Canal, and nearby Lake Erie also provided Cleveland accessible water resources and transportation throughout the Midwest. Detroit, Michigan As the epicenter of Michigan’s motor vehicle and parts production industry, Detroit once housed many wealthy industrialists and entrepreneurs. The post World War II automobile demands led to the city’s rapid expansion, and the metro area became home to General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. The increase in demand for automobile production labor led to a population boom. When parts production moved to the Sun Belt and overseas, residents went with. Smaller cities in Michigan such as Flint and Lansing experienced a similar fate. Located along the Detroit River between Lake Erie and Lake Huron, Detroit’s successes were aided by resource accessibility and the draw of promising employment opportunities. Conclusion Albeit â€Å"rusty† reminders of what they once were, Rust Belt cities remain today as centers of American commerce. Their rich economic and industrial histories equipped them with the memory of a great deal of diversity and talent, and they are of American social and cultural significance.

Glass ceiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Glass ceiling - Essay Example Women however insisted that it was real and no matter how hard they work a time comes when they no longer get promoted to higher management positions. This glass ceiling prevents untold number of qualified people from advancing in the corporate hierarchies. It may be invisible but it sure is impenetrable (Wallace, n.p.). Colleen O'Neill, partner of Mercer Human Resource Consulting says: "Everyone in the U.S. is very focused on gender, and corporate boards are pushing for more equity [at the highest levels],"(Farell, n.p.) Companies think that if they hire women their profits will go down. Surveys show different results. Convent Investment Management did a study of Standard and Poors 500 and found that companies which promoted women and minorities had a return of about 18.3 percent over a five year period whereas companies which did not promote women and minors had a return of only 7.9 percent. The reason is simple. First of all the management in the first case had a diverse pool of people to choose from as they considered women and minors also, where as in the second case, the company did not fully utilize human capital. Secondly, treating the workers properly results in better productivity and higher morale. 95 percent of senior-level managers of the top Fortune 1000 industrial and 500 service companies are men even though women get almost half of all the Master's degrees. Out of these 95 percent, 97 percent are whites (U.S Glass Ceiling Commission, 6) In order to compete in a diversified marketplace companies need to fully utilize human capital. By excluding women these companies also exclude extraordinary amount of talent, creativity and productivity. Today, women are trying to seek more satisfying and rewarding jobs and if they do not find what they are looking for they try to set up their own businesses. Women are leaving the corporate sector twice the rate men are leaving and they are also forming new businesses at the same rate. Since 1990, there has been an increase of about 43% in Women Business Owners. Women own about 7.7 million firms. These statistics show that these women were experienced, skilled, educated and enthusiastic as they had opened up their own businesses. But due to this glass ceiling and unsatisfying jobs they were forced to leave their jobs and seek another option. It was a loss for the companies and not for these women. Nora Frankiel says: "Women have reached a certain point -- I call it the glass ceiling. They're in the top of middle management and they're stopping and getting stuck. There isn't enough room for all those women at the top. Some are going into business for themselves. Others are going out and raising families." Why does glass ceiling persist The answer varies. It is a

Cryptology Advancing National Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cryptology Advancing National Security - Essay Example This essay discusses that there are also problems of implementation as some encryption programs do not ensure that the plaintext data they acquire is destroyed once it has been encrypted. These are acquired when systems use temporary files to protect in instances of data loss when the system crashes and to increase the available memory. The measures taken leave plaintext exposed and accessible on the hard drive and can easily be manipulated. In other cases, the operating system in computers leaves keys on the hard drive in the form of passwords that are easily broken by the user interface. Schneier states that â€Å"there are times when systems use master keys and also one-time session keys, where one is strong and the other is weak, the system is then broken by using partial information of the different keys†. It is clear that Cryptography plays a very integral role not only in securing sensitive government information. Cryptology is an important advancement in technology. In a day and age where people are very keen on computer programs and able to hack into national security databases, it is now more important. Seeing that there is a weakness in the cryptologic systems, data analysts and cryptologists must ensure that they write programs that are foolproof. In the same way that no one wants a thief having their bank details, we also do not want terrorists having sensitive national security information. Technology serves peoples purposes and it must then be used in the best way possible.